Apelação Criminal Nº 2004.41.00.005438-0/ro

Penal - crime contra o sistema financeiro nacional - administração de Consórcio, sem a devida autorização do banco central do brasil - art. 16 C/c art. 1º, parágrafo único, i, da lei 7.492/86 - prescrição inocorrente - Tempestividade do recurso do mpf - hipótese em que o réu agiu como Mero intermediário, entre a empresa que mantinha convênio com a administradora Do consórcio, e os adquirentes de cotas - não comprovação Da prática de atividades típicas de consórcio, sem a devida autorização do Bacen - precedentes do superior tribunal de justiça. I - Absolvição do réu, Eudack José Colombi, denunciado pela suposta prática do crime capitulado no art. 16 da Lei 7.492/86, sob a alegação de que, desde o ano de 1992, na qualidade de proprietário da empresa Eudack José Colombi Motocicletas - ME (nome de fantasia Capixaba Motos), na cidade de Espigão do Oeste/RO, teria operado, sem a devida autorização do Banco Central do Brasil, grupos de consórcio, para venda de motocicletas da marca Honda. II - Segundo a denúncia, o réu teria praticado a conduta criminosa “desde o ano de 1992 até a presente data“, ou seja, até 24/09/2004. A prescrição, antes de transitar em julgado a sentença final, regula-se pelo máximo da pena privativa de liberdade cominada ao crime, que, no caso é de 4 (quatro) anos. Dessa forma, in casu, a prescrição verifica-se em 8 (oito) anos, já que o máximo da pena cominada para o crime é superior a dois anos e não excede a quatro (art. 109, IV, do CP). Não decorreram oito anos entre 24/09/2004 e 29/11/2004, quando interrompido o prazo prescricional, pelo recebimento da denúncia (art. 117, I, do CP), nem entre 29/11/2004 e a presente data, pelo que inocorrente a prescrição da pretensão punitiva. III - De acordo com o art. 18, II, h, da Lei Complementar 75/93, os membros do Ministério Público da União têm a prerrogativa processual de receber intimação pessoalmente, nos autos, em qualquer processo e grau de jurisdição, nos feitos em que tiverem de oficiar. Da mesma forma, reza o art. 370, § 4º, do CPP que a intimação do Ministério Público e do defensor nomeado será pessoal. Firmou-se a jurisprudência no sentido de que a intimação pessoal do representante do Ministério Público ocorre na data da efetiva entrega dos autos no setor competente da Procuradoria, contando-se daí o prazo recursal. No caso presente, proferida a sentença, os autos foram entregues, na Procuradoria da República, para ciência, no dia 11/09/2007, terça-feira, de sorte que o prazo recursal de 5 (cinco) dias, previsto no art. 593 do CPP, encerrou-se no dia 16/09/2007, domingo, prorrogando-se até o dia útil imediato, 17/09/2007, segunda-feira (art. 798, § 3º, do CPP), quando protocolada a apelação, razão pela qual tempestivo o recurso. IV - A atuação do réu limitava-se à venda ou promessa de venda de cotas de consórcio, o que não significa que administrava o consórcio. O acusado, proprietário da empresa Eudack José Colombi Motocicletas - ME (Capixaba Motos), firmou contrato de franquia com a empresa Amoca Ltda (Águia Motos), por meio do qual a franqueadora lhe concedeu “o direito exclusivo de distribuir e revender os produtos da marca Honda, inclusive o Consórcio Nacional Honda, com o nome Águia Motos (...) no município de Espigão do Oeste/RO.“ A Águia Motos era representante do Consórcio Nacional Honda, e possuía convênio de representação, nos termos da Circular BACEN 2.332/93. Nada obstante, restou sobejamente provado, nos autos, que, na prática, a atividade do acusado, antes ou depois da celebração do referido contrato, estava limitada ao preenchimento de propostas e formulários do Consórcio Nacional Honda, que eram enviados à Águia Motos, para a devida formalização, junto ao consórcio autorizado. V - O representante comercial contratado para comercializar cotas de consórcio não se confunde com a administradora do consórcio, respondendo, muitas vezes, pelo crime de estelionato, de competência da Justiça Estadual, quando servir-se do negócio para obter vantagens ilícitas, por meio de fraude. Precedentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça: CC 45.108/RJ, Relatora Ministra Laurita Vaz, 3ª Seção do STJ, unânime, DJU de 06/02/2006, p. 195; CC 104.491/MG, Relator Ministro Arnaldo Esteves Lima, 3ª Seção do STJ, unânime, DJe de 17/12/2009. VI - Comprovado que o réu não detinha poderes próprios de gestão, não há como se cogitar, nos termos dos arts. 1º, parágrafo único, I, e 16 da Lei 7.492/86, de sua responsabilidade pelo cometimento do delito que lhe fora imputado, pelo que correta a absolvição. VII - Apelação desprovida.

Rel. Des. Assusete Magalhães

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