Apelação Criminal Nº 0000494-04.2012.4.03.6181/sp

Penal e processo penal. Roubo qualificado. Concurso de pessoas. Emprego de arma de fogo. Transporte de valores artigo 157, §2º, incisos i, ii e iii, do código penal. Materialidade e autoria do delito comprovadas. Tentativa. Inocorrência. Dosimetria. Corrupção de menor. Absolvição mantida. 1. A materialidade do crime de roubo restou devidamente demonstrada pelo Auto de prisão em flagrante delito, pelo Boletim de Ocorrência, pelo Auto de Apreensão, bem assim pelo Exame em Arma de Fogo. 2. Os depoimentos das vítimas - funcionários da EBCT- também confirmam a ocorrência e consumação do roubo. Houve a subtração dos bens narrados na denúncia, propiciada por grave ameaça e a arma - uma pistola semiautomática, da marca “Taurus“, com o número de série “raspado“-, possuía potencialidade para a intimidação das vítimas, já que era verdadeira e apta a disparar, apresentando vestígios produzidos por disparo recente. 3. O conjunto probatório é farto ao comprovar a autoria do delito, carecendo de acolhida assertiva insuficiência probatória acerca da autoria delitiva. 4. A jurisprudência - inclusive do Supremo Tribunal Federal - já sedimentara entendimento no sentido de não ser necessário, para a consumação do crime de roubo, que a posse da coisa seja mansa e pacífica, impondo-se a inversão da posse da res furtiva. 5. O crime de roubo se consumou no momento da subtração das encomendas sob guarda dos Correios. 6. A pena base foi acertadamente fixada no mínimo legal, à míngua de circunstâncias judiciais desfavoráveis. As ameaças lançadas contra as vítimas após a consumação do roubo não justifica a majoração da pena base com lastro na personalidade voltada para a prática criminosa. 7. Inaplicável a atenuante constante no artigo 65, inciso I, do Código Penal, uma vez que a pena não pode ficar aquém do mínimo legal, consoante preconizado na Súmula 231 do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. 8. Ainda que um dos autores do roubo tenha utilizado arma de fogo, plenamente aplicável causa de aumento prevista no inciso I do § 2º do artigo 157 do Código Penal a todos os agentes que praticaram o delito em unidade de desígnios e com aquiescência recíproca de condutas. 9. A norma penal (inciso I do §2º do artigo 157) impõe acréscimo na reprimenda corporal somente se a violência ou ameaça é exercida com emprego de arma de fogo, não se referindo ao seu uso, se autorizado ou vedado. 10. Não denota maior gravidade delitiva a circunstância de a arma se encontrar com a numeração “raspada“, porque a intimidação da vítima está relacionada ao emprego da arma, sua ostentação, ao temor resultante do seu uso. Daí a ratio da causa de aumento. 11. O bem jurídico protegido no crime de roubo é o patrimônio, público ou privado, e a liberdade individual e a integridade física da vítima. A numeração raspada da arma também não reflete na primeira fase de dosimetria da pena, porquanto não interfere ou se relaciona com a extensão do dano, de forma a não revelar maior ou menor ofensa ao bem jurídico tutelado. 12. É defeso ao Juízo conceder pedido pleiteado em quantidade maior ao requerido, de forma a ensejar a exclusão da majorante disciplinada no artigo 157, § 2º, inciso III, do Código Penal. 13. Excluída a causa de aumento do inciso III do §2º do artigo 157 do Código Penal, a reprimenda não comporta redução, já que o acréscimo aplicado pelo Juízo foi no grau mínimo de 1/3 ( um terço) previsto na norma penal, restando prejudicado pedido ministerial com o fito de obter acréscimo maior decorrente da aplicação da citada causa de aumento. 14. A pena de multa fixada em 13 (treze) dias - multa seguiu o critério da proporcionalidade com a pena privativa de liberdade, não comportando alteração. 15. À míngua de circunstâncias judiciais desfavoráveis, não se admite a imposição de regime prisional mais gravoso e, portanto, fixo o regime inicial semiaberto para o cumprimento da reprimenda corporal. 16. Mantida a absolvição do acusado da imputação relativa ao cometimento do delito descrito no artigo 244-B da Lei nº. 8.069/90. Os elementos coligidos aos autos demonstram que o denunciado não cooptou os menores para a prática delitiva, tampouco os menores foram corrompidos pelo acusado. 17. Recurso de apelação do Ministério Público Federal desprovido. Apelo do acusado parcialmente provido tão somente para fixar o regime inicial semiaberto para o cumprimento da pena privativa de liberdade.

Rel. Des. José Lunardelli

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