Apelação Criminal Nº 0010936-58.2010.4.03.6000/ms

Processual penal e penal. Apelação criminal. Tráfico internacional de entorpecentes. Materialidade autoria e dolo. Comprovados em relação aos três apelantes. Dosimetria da pena. Majorante da internacionalidade. Mantida quanto ao réu cosme daniel. Concurso de circunstâncias atenuantes e agravantes. Alegação de que a confissão espontânea deve preponderar sobre a agravante da reincidência. Improcedência. Regime inicial fechado. Inalterado. Desconsideração da hediondez. Tese não plausível. Recursos desprovidos. I - A materialidade do delito restou demonstrada pelo laudo de exame químico toxicológico. A autoria e o dolo restaram comprovados pelo conjunto probatório, ou seja, pelos testemunhos dos policiais, que ratificaram, em juízo, o declarado em sede inquisitorial, bem como o depoimento judicial do taxista, que transportava o corréu Cosme Daniel com a droga, enquanto seguia, à sua frente, a moto dirigida por Altimar, que levava Viviane em sua carona. II - Não há como descaracterizar a internacionalidade do delito, como requerido pela defesa de Cosme Daniel, uma vez que o apelante confessou em seu interrogatório, realizado perante o Juízo Estadual, que a droga era oriunda do Paraguai e, em seu interrogatório judicial, realizado perante o Juízo Federal de primeiro grau, também confessou a autoria do crime, afirmando ser o dono da droga, que a recebeu em Bela Vista/MS de seu tio que, por sua vez, a trouxe do Paraguai. Ademais, a caracterização da internacionalidade do tráfico se afere também pela abrangência de mais de um país na prática criminosa, justamente o caso dos autos. Ainda, para a caracterização da majorante, seria suficiente que o traficante permanecesse do lado brasileiro da fronteira e recebesse a droga de origem estrangeira para sua difusão no Brasil. III - A pena-base de Cosme Daniel deve ser majorada de metade, assim como na sentença recorrida, em razão da grande quantidade de maconha transportada (96.665g), nos termos do art. 42 da Lei n.º 11.343/06, bem como pelo fato de possuir maus antecedentes, conforme demonstra as certidões juntada às fls. 353/354 dos autos. IV- A reincidência é uma circunstância agravante que prepondera sobre as atenuantes, com exceção daquelas que resultam dos motivos determinantes do crime ou da personalidade do agente (art. 67 do Código Penal), hipóteses em que não se enquadra a atenuante da confissão espontânea. V - Altimar e Viviane são primários e não ostentam maus antecedentes, as demais circunstâncias do art. 59 do Código Penal lhe são favoráveis, entretanto, em razão da grande quantidade de droga apreendida (96.665g de maconha), a pena-base deve ser majorada nos termos da sentença recorrida, ou seja, em 1/3 (um terço), com fundamento no art. 42 da Lei n.º 11.343/06. VI - Não é plausível o pleito acerca da desconsideração da hediondez do crime de tráfico apenas pela incidência da causa de diminuição do § 4º, do art. 33, da Lei 11.343/06, uma vez que sua incidência não resulta, por si só, nessa desconsideração. O crime de tráfico, ainda que com previsão legal de diminuição de pena, remanesce um crime equiparado a hediondo. A figura delitiva prevista no art. 33, § 4º, da Lei de Drogas não é o “tráfico privilegiado“. Não há falar-se em comparação com o homicídio privilegiado, pois não se exige seus motivos (relevante valor social ou moral; em razão de domínio de violenta emoção, logo em seguida à injusta provocação da vítima). VII - Fica mantido também o regime inicial fechado, pois não existe respaldo legal para aplicação de regime mais benéfico para o cumprimento de pena por previsão do art. 2º, § 1º, da Lei dos Crimes Hediondos. O regime inicial adequado, portanto, é o fechado, conforme alteração pela Lei 11.464/2007, mormente quando a ocorrência do fato delituoso é posterior a vigência da nova lei. VIII - Não há que se falar em substituição da pena privativa de liberdade pela restritiva de direitos, uma vez que não se encontram preenchidos os requisitos do art. 44 do Código Penal, pois a pena privativa de liberdade supera 4 (quatro) anos de reclusão. IX - Recursos desprovidos.

Rel. Des. José Lunardelli

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